Sony A37 has a 16.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Pentax K-70 has a 24.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features PRIME MII processor.
Pentax K-70's sensor provides 8MP more than Sony A37's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Pentax K-70's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moire occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the A37 and K-70 sensor size comparison.
![Sony A37 vs Pentax K-70 Sensor Size Comparison]()
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Sony A37 and Pentax K-70 Cameras
Sony A37 and Pentax K-70 have sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Sony A37 has 49% larger pixel area compared to Pentax K-70, it has potential to collect more light on pixel level hence have less noise in low light / High ISO images.