Both Sony RX100 VII and Panasonic GH5 have 20.0 MP resolution sensors but Sony RX100 VII's sensor is 1″ (13.2 x 8.8 mm ) and Panasonic GH5's sensor is Four Thirds (17.3 x 13 mm ).
Since Panasonic GH5's has a larger sensor area with the same resolution, this means that it also has a larger pixel area hence better light collecting capacity for a given aperture compared to Sony RX100 VII.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Panasonic GH5's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the RX100 VII and GH5 sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Sony RX100 VII and Panasonic GH5 Cameras
As seen above, Panasonic GH5 has a 1.9x Larger sensor area than Sony RX100 VII. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.
DxOMark Sensor Scores
DxOMark is a benchmark that scientifically assesses image quality of camera sensors. It scores camera sensors for color depth (DXO Portrait), dynamic range (DXO Landscape) and low-light sensitivity (DXO Sports), and also gives them an overall score. Sony RX100 VII and Panasonic GH5 sensors have been tested by DxO and the results show that GH5 has a better overall score of 77, 14 points higher compared to RX100 VII's score of 63.
Model
Overall
Color Depth
Dynamic Range
Low-light ISO
Sony RX100 VII
63
21.8 bits
12.4 Evs
418 ISO
Panasonic GH5
77
23.9 bits
13.0 Evs
807 ISO
Sensor size sets the circle of confusion, so it drives how much depth of field each
of these bodies gives you at a given aperture. You can calculate it exactly for the
Sony RX100 VII
or the
Panasonic GH5 ,
including hyperfocal distance.
One thing to watch when comparing these two: they have different sensor sizes
(1″ versus Four Thirds),
so compare them at the same framing rather than the same focal length.
Put the same focal length on the smaller sensor and it will show less depth of
field, not more, because it also crops tighter. The calculator shows the
full frame equivalent focal length for each body so you can match the framing.
