Both Sony RX1 and Fujifilm X100F have 24.0 MP resolution sensors but Sony RX1's sensor is Full frame (35.8 x 23.8 mm ) and Fujifilm X100F's sensor is APS-C (23.6 x 15.6 mm ).
Since Sony RX1's has a larger sensor area with the same resolution, this means that it also has a larger pixel area hence better light collecting capacity for a given aperture compared to Fujifilm X100F.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Fujifilm X100F's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the RX1 and X100F sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Sony RX1 has a 2.3x Larger sensor area than Fujifilm X100F. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.