Sony HX50V has a
20.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Casio EX-G1 has a
12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized CCD sensor .
Sony HX50V's sensor provides 8MP more than Casio EX-G1's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the HX50V and EX-G1 sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Sony HX50V and Casio EX-G1 Cameras
Sony HX50V and Casio EX-G1 have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Casio EX-G1 has 26% larger pixel area (2.34µm 2 vs 1.85µm 2 ) compared to Sony HX50V, it has larger pixel area to collect light hence potential to have less noise in low light / High ISO images.
Sensor size sets the circle of confusion, so it drives how much depth of field each
of these bodies gives you at a given aperture. You can calculate it exactly for the
Sony HX50V
or the
Casio EX-G1 ,
including hyperfocal distance.