Fujifilm X-T30 II has a
26.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized X-Trans CMOS sensor and features X-Processor 4 processor. On the other hand, Fujifilm X-A10 has a
16.0MP APS-C (23.6 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS sensor .
Fujifilm X-T30 II's sensor provides 10MP more than Fujifilm X-A10's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Another similarity between these two cameras is that both Fujifilm X-A10 and Fujifilm X-T30 II sensors lack anti-alias (Low-Pass) filters. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the X-T30 II and X-A10 sensor size comparison.
Fujifilm X-T30 II and Fujifilm X-A10 have almost the same sensor size, so neither of them has any significant advantage over the other in terms of providing control over depth of field when used with the same focal length and aperture.