Canon 80D has a
24.0MP APS-C (22.5 x 15 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features DIGIC 6 processor. On the other hand, Fujifilm X-T30 has a
26.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized X-Trans CMOS sensor and features X-Processor 4 processor.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Fujifilm X-T30's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the 80D and X-T30 sensor size comparison.
Canon 80D and Fujifilm X-T30 have almost the same sensor size, so neither of them has any significant advantage over the other in terms of providing control over depth of field when used with the same focal length and aperture.