Fujifilm X-Pro3 has a
26.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features X-Processor 4 processor. On the other hand, Canon R8 has a
24.0MP Full frame (36 x 24 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features Digic X processor.
Another difference between these two cameras is that Fujifilm X-Pro3's sensor lacks anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the X-Pro3 and R8 sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Canon R8 has a 2.4x Larger sensor area than Fujifilm X-Pro3. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.