Sigma fp L has a
61.0MP Full frame (36 x 24 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Canon 5D MIV has a
30.0MP Full frame (36 x 24 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features Digic 6+ processor.
Sigma fp L's sensor provides 31MP more than Canon 5D MIV's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the fp L and 5D MIV sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Sigma fp L and Canon 5D MIV Cameras
Sigma fp L and Canon 5D MIV have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Canon 5D MIV has 100% larger pixel area (28.69µm 2 vs 14.34µm 2 ) compared to Sigma fp L, it has larger pixel area to collect light hence potential to have less noise in low light / High ISO images.
Sensor size sets the circle of confusion, so it drives how much depth of field each
of these bodies gives you at a given aperture. You can calculate it exactly for the
Sigma fp L
or the
Canon 5D MIV ,
including hyperfocal distance.