Canon M10 has a
18.0MP APS-C (22.3 x 14.9 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features DIGIC 6 processor. On the other hand, Fujifilm X-E2S has a
16.0MP APS-C (23.6 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS X-TRANS II sensor and features EXR Processor II processor.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Fujifilm X-E2S's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the M10 and X-E2S sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Canon M10 and Fujifilm X-E2S Cameras
As seen above, Fujifilm X-E2S has a 1.1x Larger sensor area than Canon M10. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.
Sensor size sets the circle of confusion, so it drives how much depth of field each
of these bodies gives you at a given aperture. You can calculate it exactly for the
Canon M10
or the
Fujifilm X-E2S ,
including hyperfocal distance.