Panasonic S1R II has a
44.3MP Full frame (36 x 24 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features Venus Engine processor. On the other hand, Leica M11-P has a
60.0MP Full frame (36 x 24 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features Maestro III processor.
Leica M11-P's sensor provides 15.7MP more than Panasonic S1R II's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Another difference between these two cameras is that Panasonic S1R II's sensor lacks anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the S1R II and M11-P sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Panasonic S1R II and Leica M11-P Cameras
Panasonic S1R II and Leica M11-P have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Panasonic S1R II has 36% larger pixel area compared to Leica M11-P, it has potential to collect more light on pixel level hence have less noise in low light / High ISO images.
Sensor size sets the circle of confusion, so it drives how much depth of field each
of these bodies gives you at a given aperture. You can calculate it exactly for the
Panasonic S1R II
or the
Leica M11-P ,
including hyperfocal distance.