Nikon P500 has a
12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features Expeed C2 processor. On the other hand, Nikon P530 has a
16.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor .
Below you can see the P500 and P530 sensor size comparison.
Nikon P500 and Nikon P530 have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Nikon P500 has 32% larger pixel area compared to Nikon P530, it has potential to collect more light on pixel level hence have less noise in low light / High ISO images.