Nikon L830 has a
16.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Casio EX-G1 has a
12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized CCD sensor .
Below you can see the L830 and EX-G1 sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Nikon L830 and Casio EX-G1 Cameras
Nikon L830 and Casio EX-G1 have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Casio EX-G1 has 32% larger pixel area (2.34µm 2 vs 1.76µm 2 ) compared to Nikon L830, it has larger pixel area to collect light hence potential to have less noise in low light / High ISO images.
Sensor size sets the circle of confusion, so it drives how much depth of field each
of these bodies gives you at a given aperture. You can calculate it exactly for the
Nikon L830
or the
Casio EX-G1 ,
including hyperfocal distance.