Sony A6000 has a
24.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features Bionz X processor. On the other hand, Pentax K-S2 has a
20.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features PRIME MII processor.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Pentax K-S2's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the A6000 and K-S2 sensor size comparison.
Sony A6000 and Pentax K-S2 have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Pentax K-S2 has 20% larger pixel area (18.37µm2 vs 15.28µm2) compared to Sony A6000, it has larger pixel area to collect light hence potential to have less noise in low light / High ISO images.