Sony A7 III has a
24.0MP Full frame (35.8 x 23.8 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features Bionz X processor. On the other hand, Nikon S640 has a
12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.08 x 4.56 mm ) sized CCD sensor and features Expeed processor.
Sony A7 III's sensor provides 12MP more than Nikon S640's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the A7 III and S640 sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Sony A7 III has a 30.7x Larger sensor area than Nikon S640. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.