Ricoh WG-6 has a 20.0MP 1/2.3 (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Sony W510 has a 12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized CCD sensor and features BIONZ processor.
Ricoh WG-6's sensor provides 8MP more than Sony W510's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the WG-6 and W510 sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Ricoh WG-6 and Sony W510 Cameras
Ricoh WG-6 and Sony W510 have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Sony W510 has 68% larger pixel area (2.34µm2 vs 1.39µm2) compared to Ricoh WG-6, it has larger pixel area to collect light hence potential to have less noise in low light / High ISO images.