Ricoh G900 has a
20.0MP (1/2. ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Canon 40D has a
10.0MP APS-C (22.2 x 14.8 mm ) sized CMOS sensor .
Ricoh G900's sensor provides 10MP more than Canon 40D's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the G900 and 40D sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Canon 40D has a infx Larger sensor area than Ricoh G900. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.