Both Panasonic S1 and Casio EX-100 have 12.0 MP resolution sensors but Panasonic S1's sensor is 1/2.3-inch (6.08 x 4.56 mm ) and Casio EX-100's sensor is 1/1.7-inch (7.44 x 5.58 mm ).
Since Casio EX-100's has a larger sensor area with the same resolution, this means that it also has a larger pixel area hence better light collecting capacity for a given aperture compared to Panasonic S1.
Below you can see the S1 and EX-100 sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Casio EX-100 has a 1.5x Larger sensor area than Panasonic S1. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.