Olympus SP-590 UZ has a 12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.08 x 4.56 mm ) sized CCD sensor . On the other hand, Sony RX10 IV has a 20.0MP 1-inch (13.2 x 8.8 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features Bionz X processor.
Sony RX10 IV's sensor provides 8MP more than Olympus SP-590 UZ's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the SP-590 UZ and RX10 IV sensor size comparison.
![Olympus SP-590 UZ vs Sony RX10 IV Sensor Size Comparison]()
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Olympus SP-590 UZ and Sony RX10 IV Cameras
As seen above, Sony RX10 IV has a 4.2x Larger sensor area than Olympus SP-590 UZ. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.