Fujifilm X100V has a
26.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features X-Processor Pro 4 processor. On the other hand, Leica M10 has a
24.0MP Full frame (35.8 x 23.9 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features Maestro II processor.
Another difference between these two cameras is that Fujifilm X100V's sensor lacks anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the X100V and M10 sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Leica M10 has a 2.3x Larger sensor area than Fujifilm X100V. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.