Both Fujifilm X10 and Nikon D90 have 12.0 MP resolution sensors but Fujifilm X10's sensor is 2/3-inch (8.8 x 6.6 mm ) and Nikon D90's sensor is APS-C (23.6 x 15.8 mm ).
Since Nikon D90's has a larger sensor area with the same resolution, this means that it also has a larger pixel area hence better light collecting capacity for a given aperture compared to Fujifilm X10.
Below you can see the X10 and D90 sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Nikon D90 has a 6.4x Larger sensor area than Fujifilm X10. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.
DxOMark Sensor Scores
DxOMark is a benchmark that scientifically assesses image quality of camera sensors. It scores camera sensors for color depth (DXO Portrait), dynamic range (DXO Landscape) and low-light sensitivity (DXO Sports), and also gives them an overall score. Fujifilm X10 and Nikon D90 sensors have been tested by DxO and the results show that D90 has a better overall score of 73, 23 points higher compared to X10's score of 50.
Model |
Overall |
Color Depth |
Dynamic Range |
Low-light ISO |
Fujifilm X10 |
50 |
20.5 bits |
11.3 Evs |
245 ISO |
Nikon D90 |
73 |
22.7 bits |
12.5 Evs |
977 ISO |