Fujifilm X-Pro3 has a
26.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features X-Processor 4 processor. On the other hand, Canon 80D has a
24.0MP APS-C (22.5 x 15 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features DIGIC 6 processor.
Another difference between these two cameras is that Fujifilm X-Pro3's sensor lacks anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the X-Pro3 and 80D sensor size comparison.
Fujifilm X-Pro3 and Canon 80D have almost the same sensor size, so neither of them has any significant advantage over the other in terms of providing control over depth of field when used with the same focal length and aperture.