Canon SX620 HS has a 20.0MP 1/2.3" (6.17 x 4.55 mm) ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features DIGIC 4+ processor. On the other hand, Canon D30 has a 12.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features DIGIC 4 processor.
Canon SX620 HS's sensor provides 8MP more than Canon D30's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the SX620 HS and D30 sensor size comparison.
Sensor Size and Resolution Comparison image of Canon SX620 HS and Canon D30 Cameras
Canon SX620 HS and Canon D30 have the same sensor sizes so they will provide same level of control over the depth of field when used with same focal length and aperture. On the other hand, since Canon D30 has 68% larger pixel area (2.34µm2 vs 1.39µm2) compared to Canon SX620 HS, it has larger pixel area to collect light hence potential to have less noise in low light / High ISO images.