Canon 50D has a
15.0MP APS-C (22.3 x 14.9 mm ) sized CMOS sensor and features Digic 4 processor. On the other hand, Ricoh GXR P10 28-300mm has a
10.0MP 1/2.3-inch (6.17 x 4.55 mm ) sized BSI-CMOS sensor and features Smooth Imaging Engine IV processor.
Canon 50D's sensor provides 5MP more than Ricoh GXR P10 28-300mm's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the 50D and GXR P10 28-300mm F3.5-5.6 VC sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Canon 50D has a 11.8x Larger sensor area than Ricoh GXR P10 28-300mm. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.