Sony A57 has a
16.0MP APS-C (23.5 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS sensor . On the other hand, Fujifilm S1 Pro has a
3.0MP APS-C (23 x 15.5 mm ) sized CCD sensor .
Sony A57's sensor provides 13MP more than Fujifilm S1 Pro's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Below you can see the A57 and S1 Pro sensor size comparison.
Sony A57 and Fujifilm S1 Pro have almost the same sensor size, so neither of them has any significant advantage over the other in terms of providing control over depth of field when used with the same focal length and aperture.