Both Nikon D4 and Fujifilm X-A10 have 16.0 MP resolution sensors but Nikon D4's sensor is Full frame (36 x 23.9 mm ) and Fujifilm X-A10's sensor is APS-C (23.6 x 15.6 mm ).
Since Nikon D4's has a larger sensor area with the same resolution, this means that it also has a larger pixel area hence better light collecting capacity for a given aperture compared to Fujifilm X-A10.
One other difference between these two cameras that is worth mentioning is that Fujifilm X-A10's sensor doesn't have an anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the D4 and X-A10 sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Nikon D4 has a 2.3x Larger sensor area than Fujifilm X-A10. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.