Fujifilm X-T20 has a
24.0MP APS-C (23.6 x 15.6 mm ) sized CMOS X-TRANS III sensor and features X-Processor Pro2 processor. On the other hand, Leica M-Monochrom has a
18.0MP Full frame (36 x 24 mm ) sized CCD sensor .
Fujifilm X-T20's sensor provides 6MP more than Leica M-Monochrom's sensor, which gives a significant advantage in real life. You can print your images larger or crop more freely.
On the other hand, please keep in mind that Max sensor resolution is not the only determinant of resolving power. Factors such as the optical elements, low pass filter, pixel size and sensor technology also affects the final resolution of the captured image.
Another difference between these two cameras is that Fujifilm X-T20's sensor lacks anti-alias (Low-Pass) filter. Removing anti-alias filter increases the sharpness and level of detail but at the same time, it increases the chance of moiré occurring in certain scenes.
Below you can see the X-T20 and M-Monochrom sensor size comparison.
As seen above, Leica M-Monochrom has a 2.3x Larger sensor area than Fujifilm X-T20. Larger sensors give photographer more control on the depth of field and blurry background compared to smaller sensor when shot in same focal length and aperture.